Shroud of Turin - summary.

The first well-documented reference to the Shroud: 1357 AD. Legendary references: 1. The legend of Jesus' correspondence with King Abgar 2. The Mandylion of Edessa 594 AD - 944 AD 3. Constantinople 944 AD - 1204 AD 4. Athens or Acre after 1204 AD 5. The Templars. Arguments against and for authenticity: Against authenticity: 1. Radiocarbon dating - results: 1260 AD - 1390 AD. For authenticity: 1. Vanillin decomposition dating: 1000 BC - 700 BC 2. Weave dating - 40 BC - 70 BC, weave from the Judean region 3. WAXS dating - around 0 AD 4. Infrared spectrometry dating - 700 BC - 100 BC 5. Raman spectrometry dating - 700 BC - 300 BC 6. Mechanical analysis dating - 0 AD - 800 AD 7. Coins in the eye sockets - 29 AD - 30 AD 8. Death certificate: during the time of Emperor Tiberius 9. Blood type AB - rarely found in Europe, common among Jews. Blood types were not known in antiquity. 10. Pollen consistent with probable places of presence of the Shroud. 11. Location of the hand puncture - inconsistent with the widely accepted medieval belief of the hand being pierced in the palm, but consistent with 20th-century research. 12. Blood and stain conformity with the Shroud of Oviedo (mention from the 6th century, radiocarbon dating from the 7th century). 13. Blood and stain conformity with the tunic of Argenteuil (documented since the 7th century). 14. Accurate representation of Jewish burial customs from around the 1st century.