什么实际上可能成为波兰在满足商业租赁和自有住房需求方面对国家住房贷款补贴制度的真正替代方案？

My answer is the so-called REITs listed on the stock exchange with an initial large share of the State Treasury.Such initially state-owned REIT could solve many housing problems in Poland and become a driving force for the entire economy. How to do it:1) Contributions to this REIT:— The State Treasury contributes the Land in exchange for units of participation listed on the stock exchange (e.g. GPW),— Companies selected in a framework tender prepare construction projects and obtain building permits, in exchange for units of participation,— Companies selected in a framework tender carry out turnkey investments, in exchange for units of participation,— Companies selected in a framework tender for interior design equip these apartments for rent, in exchange for units of participation,— Companies selected in a framework tender for property management manage them, in exchange for units of participation,— Companies selected in a framework tender for cleaning and servicing properties (if not subcontractors of property management companies) provide their services, in exchange for units of participation,— Companies selected in a framework tender for property valuation carry out periodic updates of the value of REIT's assets (local, building), in exchange for units of participation.And finally, after obtaining a sufficiently high mass of assets, the State Treasury could gradually sell its majority shares (units of participation in stock market trading) to recover the invested capital.Additionally, in exchange for a certain number of units of participation, it would be possible to acquire properties for ownership, in residential buildings to diversify target groups of tenants (tenants and owners of premises).Such a REIT could also invest in warehouse or office-commercial spaces to diversify the origin of cash flows from renting premises for different purposes (residential or commercial).Since similar free-market solutions can work in other countries, why not in Poland?

It's exactly the opposite! REITs are the trigger for unnatural increases in property prices. Because of REITs, the average Joe will have no chance of buying an apartment because REITs will speculatively buy up all the good properties on the market. REIT stands for Real Estate Investment Trust, which is an investment fund.Imagine there is an apartment for a million PLN and Jan Kowalski, who only has 300K, is trying to buy it. He will need financing, but let's say XYZ REIT FUND will pay the full price without financing. Kowalski won't stand a chance!