¿De qué color es el camaleón? ¿Cómo y por qué cambia de color?

When a chameleon feels threatened or excited, its nervous system sends signals to chromatophores, causing a change in the skin color. Chameleons also have special light-reflecting cells called iridophores, which influence the absorption and reflection of light. Depending on the situation and species, chameleons can change the color of their skin in various ways — from subtle matching to complete color change. There are several factors influencing the skin color change in chameleons. For example, the environmental temperature is significant — when it is cold, the chameleon's skin will be darker, and in a warmer environment, it will be lighter. Chameleons can also react emotionally and change the color of their skin based on their mood. Chameleons also use their ability to change skin color for camouflage and hiding from predators, or surprising their prey. In such cases, the chameleon's skin will have a color similar to its surroundings. Additionally, in males during the mating season, the skin may become brighter or more intensely colored to attract females. The chameleon has four types of chromatophore pixels in its skin, allowing it to produce four basic colors — red, yellow, blue, and brown. The chameleon can control each chromatophore pixel separately, allowing it to achieve thousands of different color combinations. This enables the chameleon to obtain colors that will perfectly blend with its surroundings. The change in skin color in chameleons is controlled by the nervous system, which affects the adrenaline level in the body. Manipulating the adrenaline level allows the chameleon to control blood pressure, influencing the size of chromatophore pixels and consequently the skin color. It is worth noting that the change in skin color in chameleons is not always for camouflage. They often change the color of their skin in response to emotional situations, such as aggression, fear, or stress. In this way, the chameleon can communicate with other members of its species or warn predators of its toxicity. - source maxizoo.pl

The chameleon has the ability to change the color of its skin thanks to special cells called chromatophores. These cells contain pigments that can scatter light, allowing chameleons to change the color of their skin. Chameleons can change color depending on their mood, surrounding temperature, sunlight, and even for camouflage against predators or during courtship and territorial fights.

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